Installing a beautiful, durable backsplash in your kitchen or bathroom can really enhance the look and functionality of the space. One of the key steps in achieving a high-quality backsplash installation is using the proper trowel size to apply the mortar that adheres the backsplash tiles to the wall. Selecting the right trowel ensures proper coverage and adhesion. Here is an in-depth look at how to determine what size trowel to use for your backsplash project.
Introduction
When installing a backsplash, using the right size trowel is essential to achieve proper coverage and adhesion of the tiles. The trowel size determines how much mortar is applied to the wall and how thick it is applied. Using the proper trowel size helps prevent issues like tiles popping off or slipping over time.
Some key factors to consider when determining what size trowel to use for backsplash installation are:
- Tile size – larger tiles require a trowel with deeper grooves to apply a thicker layer of mortar.
- Tile material – natural stone tiles require more mortar thickness than ceramic or porcelain.
- Tile texture – heavily textured tile backs require more mortar.
- Wall surface – uneven drywall or other surfaces need a thicker mortar layer to compensate.
With those factors in mind, here is an overview of how to select the optimal trowel size for your specific backsplash project.
Choosing the Right Trowel Size
Trowels come in a range of sizes designated by numbers, with higher numbers indicating a trowel with deeper grooves that will apply a thicker layer of mortar. As a general guideline:
- Use a 3/16” x 5/32″ V-notch trowel for backsplashes using mosaic tiles 2″ x 2″ or smaller.
- Use a 1/4″ x 3/8″ square notch trowel for standard 4″ x 4″ ceramic or porcelain backsplash tiles.
- Use a 1/2″ x 1/2″ square notch trowel for heavy natural stone backsplash tiles 6″ x 6″ or larger.
However, the trowel size should be matched to the specifics of your project. Here are some recommendations based on certain factors:
Tile Size
- For mosaic tiles under 2” use a 3/16” V-notch trowel
- 2” to 4” tiles, use a 1/4” x 3/8” square notch trowel
- 6” tiles and larger use 1/2″ x 1/2” square notch trowel
Tile Material
- Ceramic/porcelain tiles can use a slightly smaller trowel
- Natural stone and large format tiles need a 1/2″ square notch trowel
Tile Texture
- Smooth back tiles can use a smaller trowel
- Heavily textured backs require a thicker mortar layer
Wall Surface
- Level drywall may only need a 1/4″ x 3/8” trowel
- Uneven drywall or other surfaces should use 1/2″ for better coverage
Consulting the tile manufacturer’s recommendations is also wise to ensure proper adhesion for their product.
How to Use the Trowel Correctly
Once you’ve selected the proper trowel for the project, it’s important to use it correctly:
- Hold the trowel at a 45° angle to the wall for even application.
- Apply force to create ridges, not just a thin layer.
- Apply mortar in 3-4 foot sections at a time to prevent drying out.
- Use the trowel’s flat side periodically to compress ridges.
- Avoid “re-troweling” areas that have dried.
- Discard worn out trowels that won’t form proper ridges.
Proper troweling technique ensures your backsplash mortar has the right thickness and contact with the tile and wall to deliver long-lasting adhesion.
Trowel Size Options
Here is an overview of some common trowel sizes and options for backsplashes:
- 3/16” V-notch – best for mosaics under 2” and lvl walls
- 1/4″ x 3/8″ square notch – standard size for 4” tiles
- 1/2″ x 1/2″ square notch – best for natural stone and uneven walls
- Euro notch trowels – great for large format and heavy tiles
- Radius/U-notch trowels – alternative for stone or textured tiles
- Double-D trowels – good for natural stone and stone-like ceramics
Using the right one for your specific tile and project is key for success.
Trowel Care Tips
Taking care of your trowels will maximize their lifespan:
- Clean after use – Mortar is abrasive so wash off promptly.
- Avoid banging around – Dents in the edge will impact coating.
- Store properly – Keep trowels clean and dry to prevent rust.
- Replace when worn – Consistent groove depth is important.
- Have multiples on hand – Keep backups to avoid project delays.
Well-maintained trowels will provide years of top notch performance.
Common Backsplash Troweling Mistakes
Some common troweling errors that can undermine backsplash success include:
- Using the wrong size trowel for the tile.
- Holding the trowel at the wrong angle.
- Not applying enough pressure to leave deep ridges.
- Letting applied mortar dry or “skin” over before tiling.
- Trying to trowel areas that have dried rather than re-apply.
- Using a trowel that is worn out or damaged.
Avoiding these mistakes along with proper trowel selection, technique, and care will set your project up for success.
Frequently Asked Questions
What size trowel should I use for a subway tile backsplash?
For standard 3×6 inch subway tiles, a 1/4″ x 3/8″ square notch trowel is recommended.
What if my backsplash tiles are 12″ x 24″?
For large format tiles like 12″ x 24″, a 3/4″ x 9/16″ trowel is ideal to ensure proper coverage.
Can I use the same trowel for the floor and backsplash?
It’s best to use a separate trowel for the backsplash, as a floor trowel is often too large for thinset application on walls.
How do I know when to replace a trowel?
Replace a trowel when the notches become rounded and won’t form consistent ridges in the mortar anymore.
Can any notched trowel work?
No, V-notch and square notch trowels are specially designed for optimal mortar application. Other trowel types don’t achieve proper coverage.
Conclusion
Choosing the ideal trowel for backsplash installation involves considering the tile size, material, texture and wall surface. Matching the trowel size to these factors ensures proper thinset coverage and adhesion. A 3/16” V-notch trowel is best for small mosaics, a 1/4″ x 3/8″ square notch for standard tiles, and a 1/2″ notch or larger for heavy stone tiles. Using the trowel correctly at a 45° angle is also key for proper application. Avoiding amateur troweling mistakes and taking care of trowels helps ensure they provide professional results tile after tile. Armed with the right trowel and technique, you can achieve a backsplash that will look beautiful and last.