Introduction
Adding a backsplash is an easy and affordable way to update the look of your kitchen or bathroom. A good backsplash can make your space look more stylish while also protecting your walls from splashes and spills. Knowing how to properly install a backsplash ensures that it will look great and last for years to come.
In this comprehensive guide, we will walk you through everything you need to know about putting up backsplash tile. We’ll cover how to select the right tile materials, tools needed for installation, prep work like removing old backsplash and preparing the surface, step-by-step installation instructions, grouting and sealing, and finally maintenance tips to keep your backsplash looking its best. With the right information, putting up a backsplash is a DIY project any homeowner can tackle.
Selecting Your Backsplash Tile
The first step is choosing the right backsplash tile for your space. There are lots of great options when it comes to backsplash materials like ceramic, porcelain, glass, metal, stone and more. Consider the following factors when making your selection:
Material
- Ceramic – Affordable option that comes in lots of colors/styles. Can be prone to chipping.
- Porcelain – More durable and water-resistant than ceramic. Provides great design flexibility.
- Glass – Elegant, modern option available in many colors and finishes. Not very DIY friendly.
- Metal – Durable material perfect for contemporary, industrial styles. Can dent/scratch.
- Stone – Natural material like marble, granite, or slate. Resistant to heat/moisture but expensive.
- Mosaic – Small tiles perfect for adding visual interest. Can be ceramic, glass, or stone.
Size
- Smaller tiles like mosaics create visual impact and interest
- Larger tiles are faster to install and give a more seamless look
- Mixing sizes can add nice contrast and design element
Color/Finish
- Select something that complements cabinets, countertops, flooring, and paint colors
- Matte or glossy finishes available for most materials
- Contrasting grout color can add striking detail
- Match grout color for a continuous look
Cost
- Ceramic and porcelain are typically the most budget-friendly options
- Natural stone and glass on higher end of cost spectrum
- Amount needed and complexity of install impacts overall cost
Functionality
- Avoid very porous material if installing near stovetop or sink
- Heat/moisture resistant is ideal for kitchen backsplashes
- Easy to clean tile recommended for heavy use areas
Once you select the perfect tile, make sure to purchase slightly more than measurements suggest to account for unattractive cuts, breakages, or pattern inconsistencies.
Tools and Materials Needed
Installing a backsplash is generally a straightforward DIY project. Here are the basic tools and materials you will need:
Tools
- Tape measure
- Pencil
- Level
- Tile cutter (can be rented if needed)
- Spacers
- Rubber grout float
- Grout sealer
Materials
- Backsplash tiles
- Tile adhesive (thinset mortar)
- Grout
- Caulk
- Grout sealer
Optional but helpful tools include a mixer/paddle for the thinset, a wet saw for intricate cuts, knee pads, and sponges. Make sure to have all tools and materials ready before starting the installation.
Preparing the Surface
Proper prep work ensures your backsplash tiles adhere well and look their best. Follow these steps:
Removing old backsplash
If there is existing backsplash that needs to be removed:
- Carefully pry off tiles using a putty knife or chisel. Go slowly to avoid damaging drywall.
- Scrape off any remaining thinset mortar so the new tiles have a smooth surface for installation.
- Sand uneven areas and fill any holes/gaps with drywall compound. Let dry completely.
Cleaning
Thoroughly clean the installation area once any old backsplash is removed by:
- Using a general household cleaner to remove grease, soap residue, and any dirt/dust.
- Ensuring the surface is free from any existing kitchen or bathroom sealant. Scrape off any old caulk or adhesive.
- Going over the area with denatured alcohol to remove any lingering residue.
Pro tip: If installing over existing tile, take care to roughen the surface first with sandpaper so the new thinset mortar can adhere properly.
Pre-treat
Pre-treat the surface using either a primer or a bonding agent like Mapei’s ECO Prim Grip. This helps the mortar grab hold for a stronger bond. Follow the product directions for application.
Allow any pre-treatments to fully dry before moving on to tile installation.
Step-by-Step Installation
Once you have your materials purchased, tools gathered, and the surface prepped, it’s time for the fun part – installing the tile! Here is a step-by-step guide:
Step 1: Plan your layout
- Measure the total area you need to cover with your tile. having exact measurements allows you to purchase the right amount.
- Sketch out the pattern you want to achieve. It’s simple to make a basic grid, or get creative with diagonals, geometric shapes, borders, accents, etc.
- Use spacers that match your desired grout line width for best results.
- For open layouts, dry lay tiles on the counter to map out placement and ensure your pattern is aligned.
Step 2: Mix thinset mortar
- Follow package directions to mix up thinset mortar adhesive. Getting right consistency is key for maximum stick!
- Only mix up small batches at a time to prevent it from drying out as you work. Discard any that stiffens and remix a fresh batch.
Pro tip: Adding latex additive improves adhesion and makes application easier.
Step 3: Apply thinset mortar
- Use flat side of trowel to apply thinset in an even layer to the installation area.
- Then use notched side of trowel to “comb” mortar into consistent ridges.
- Only apply as much as you can tile over in about 20 minutes. It should be sticky to the touch but not fully wet.
Step 4: Set your tiles
- Place the first tile in one corner as your guideline. Use spacers against edges to set proper grout line spacing.
- Firmly press tiles into the thinset ridges, sliding back and forth slightly to collapse ridges and ensure good contact with mortar.
- Periodically remove a tile and check the back to ensure at least 80% thinset coverage.
- Work in small sections, wiping away any excess mortar as you go. Keep checking levelness with a tile level as you go up.
Step 5: Cut any custom tiles
- Measure and mark tiles that need cuts to fit edges and around outlets/fixtures.
- Use a wet saw fitted with a diamond blade or manual tile cutter to make straight cuts. Use a tile nipper for small irregular edge cuts.
- File any rough edges smooth. Test cuts on leftover tiles first if uncertain.
Pro tip: Apply masking tape where cutting to reduce chipping or cracking.
Step 6: Let tiles set
- Allow tiles to set undisturbed for at least 24 hours. Do not grout until tiles pass the “pull test”- try to lift a tile and it should remain firmly stuck.
- Use this time to clean up any lippage where one tile edge sits higher than the next. Carefully scrape/sand down any raised edges.
- Wipe away any haze, adhesive, or spacers.now the tiles are firmly set.
Grouting Your New Backsplash
Grout fills in the spaces between your tiles with color and dimension. Follow these tips for perfect grout lines:
Step 1: Mix the grout
- Carefully follow package directions. Start with less water for a thicker consistency. You want it moist but not runny.
- Only mix up enough that you can apply within 30 minutes. Discard any unused portions; do not try to rewet.
Step 2: Apply grout
- Holding grout float at 45° angle, firmly press grout into tile joints, dragging across diagonally.
- Ensure joints are fully packed, keeping grout flush with tile edges. Add more grout as needed.
- Let sit for 5-10 minutes until grout no longer transfers onto finger when touched.
Step 3: Clean excess grout
- Use a lightly damp sponge in a circular motion to gently remove excess grout sitting on the tile surface. Rinse sponge frequently.
- Take care to not dig into grout lines or pull grout out. Just focus on tile face.
- Once cleaned up, use a dry towel to buff tiles and remove any remaining haze.
Step 4: Let cure
- Allow grout to fully cure for 72 hours. Keep the area clear and dry during this time.
- If small cracks appear in wider joints, patch them with extra grout once cured.
Sealing & Protecting Your Backsplash
Sealing your grout and tiles is an important final step. This keeps moisture and stains from penetrating the porous grout or natural stone.
When to seal
- For cement or epoxy based grout, wait 72 hours after installation to seal.
- If using natural stone, wait at least 2 weeks for any residual moisture in tiles to evaporate.
How to seal
- Carefully read and follow product directions to ensure proper application.
- Liberally apply sealer directly to entire grouted area using a paintbrush or sponge.
- Wipe up any excess liquid after 10-15 minutes.
- A second coat may be needed for more protection. Allow proper drying time between coats.
Caring for Your Backsplash
Once installed and sealed, your backsplash requires only simple maintenance to keep it looking like new for years of beauty and protection:
- Use pH neutral soaps and cleaners. Avoid harsh chemicals and abrasives.
- Promptly wipe up any spills to prevent stains, especially on grout lines.
- Re-seal grout every 1-2 years depending on traffic and wear.
- Avoid hanging anything directly on backsplash tile to prevent damage.
- Use cutting boards and hot pads when cooking to prevent chipping or burns.
With the right prep work, installation, and care, your new backsplash can make a gorgeous functional addition to your kitchen or bath for years of enjoyment.
Frequently Asked Questions About Installing Backsplash
What kind of thinset should I use to install backsplash?
For backsplash installation, a polymer-modified thinset mortar is recommended. The latex polymers make it highly water resistant and ideal for kitchen and bathroom areas. White thinset is useful to help highlight darker grout.
Can I put backsplash tile over existing tile?
It is possible but can require more prep work. You need to scuff up the old tile and use a robust mortar or adhesive that specifically says it can bond to existing surfaces. Carefully read product descriptions.
What should I put behind/under backsplash?
Typically backsplash tile is installed directly onto the drywall. For moisture prone areas like behind a sink, use a waterproof backer board first. Cement board is another good option for a strong bond.
How long does backsplash tile installation take?
For an average sized project of 30-50 sq ft, expect the DIY installation to take 2-3 days working independently. Working as a team speeds it up. Allow additional time for thorough prep and proper tile/grout curing.
What mistakes should I avoid with backsplash installation?
Don’t rush. Allow adequate drying time for thinset mortar and grout. Make sure surface is smooth and appropriately prepped. Use proper spacers for clean grout lines and prevent lippage. Carefully mix materials to manufacturer’s specs.
Conclusion
We hope this guide gives you all the details needed to successfully install a beautiful, functional backsplash tile in your home. Follow the steps for proper planning, prep, installation, and care. Don’t be afraid to tackle this useful upgrade yourself. The finished project will provide an eye-catching focal point and protection for your kitchen or bath.