Introduction
Installing a subway tile backsplash can take your kitchen or bathroom from drab to fab! With their classic rectangular shape and alluring colors and patterns, subway tiles create a timeless yet trendy backdrop. While backsplashes made of subway tile look stunning, properly laying them yourself requires careful planning, precision, and patience. If you want to DIY your subway tile backsplash and avoid costly mistakes, follow this comprehensive guide for foolproof execution from start to finish. We will walk you through how to lay backsplash subway tile successfully so you can enjoy your new backsplash for years to come.
How to Select Your Subway Tile
Before you can start laying subway tile for your backsplash, you need to choose the right tile for your space. Here are some factors to consider when selecting subway tile:
Tile Size
The most common subway tile sizes are 3×6 inches and 4×8 inches. The elongated rectangular shape works well for backsplashes. Smaller tiles allow for more grout lines which can create visual interest. Larger tiles have fewer grout lines for a more seamless look.
Tile Material
Subway tiles come in ceramic, porcelain, glass, and more. Ceramic and porcelain are most popular. Ceramic is more prone to chipping but offers a vintage vibe. Porcelain is durable and stain-resistant. Glass tiles add gleaming shine. Natural stone like marble or travertine provides an earthy elegance.
Tile Finish
Matte, glossy, or textured finishes impact the look of subway tile. Matte is a classic, subtle option. Glossy finishes reflect more light for brilliance. Textured or handmade tiles add dimension.
Tile Color
Subway tiles come in every color imaginable. Whites, creams, and grays work well in any kitchen or bath for a clean look. Add pops of color with bold reds, blues, greens, etc. Accent with metallic finishes like bronze or silver.
Tile Pattern
Beyond basic solid tiles, there are many subway tile patterns to enhance your backsplash:
- Horizontal stripes
- Vertical stacks
- Herringbone
- Basketweave
- Penciling (shaded grout lines)
- Combinations
How to Measure and Calculate Tile Needs
Once you have selected your subway tile, it is crucial to accurately measure your backsplash area and calculate the required materials. Accounting for the unique spatial details of your backsplash before shopping will prevent coming up short.
Measure Backsplash Area
Use a measuring tape to measure the height and length of the backsplash space. Be sure to note any indented sections or protrusions. Measure in multiple spots to account for inconsistencies.
Calculate Tile Square Footage
Use the height x width of the backsplash space to determine the total square footage you need to cover. Round up if the measurement is not a whole number.
Determine Tile Pieces Needed
Divide the total square footage by the square footage of one tile piece. This will tell you how many full tile pieces are required.
Tip: Order 10-15% extra to account for broken tiles and design adjustments.
Calculate Thin-Set and Grout Amounts
Consult manufacturer guidelines for thin-set mortar and grout coverage per square foot. Factor extra for waste.
How to Prepare the Surface
Prepping the installation surface is imperative for proper subway tile adhesion and preventing moisture issues.
Clean Surface Thoroughly
Use soap and water to thoroughly clean the backsplash area. Remove any existing paint, grime, or oils.
Repair Any Damage
Inspect the wall and repair holes, cracks, uneven sections, etc. Use spackle or drywall compound as needed.
Remove Outlets and Switch Plates
Protect outlets and switches by removing any plates or covers.
Apply Sealer/Membrane
Seal porous surfaces with a waterproofing membrane. Cement backerboard and water-resistant drywall should also be primed.
How to Cut Subway Tile
Cutting subway tile cleanly ensures your backsplash lines up properly. Avoid jagged edges and broken tiles.
Measure and Mark Cuts
Use a tile marker to indicate cutting lines. Always double check measurements first.
Score the Tile
Use a tile cutter to score the tile evenly along the marked line.
Snap the Tile
Position the tile so the score line is just off the edge of the work surface. Press down firmly to break the tile along the cut.
Smooth Rough Edges
File any rough edges to smooth them flush with tile. Use wet saw or grinder for notched/angled cuts.
Cut Holes for Outlets
Use a tile bit in the appropriate size to drill outlet holes in tiles. Do this slowly and gently.
How to Apply Thin-Set and Lay Tiles
Applying thin-set mortar properly prepares the surface for tile adhesion. Carefully laying the subway tile ensures straight uniform lines.
Choose Appropriate Thin-Set
Select latex or polymer modified thin-set suitable for wall installations. Compare to tile material specs.
Apply Thin-Set with Notched Trowel
Spread a thin layer of thin-set using a notched trowel. Hold trowel at 45° angle pressing firmly.
Apply Waterproofing Additive
Consider mixing in a waterproofing additive like RedGard for extra moisture protection.
Apply Thin-Set in Sections
Work in small sections so the thin-set doesn’t dry before tile is placed. Tacky consistency is ideal.
Lay Tiles in Pyramid Pattern
Lay whole tiles first using a pyramid layout. Start at the bottom and work upwards to ensure straight lines.
Check Lines are Straight
Place laser level or straight edge perpendicular to tile. Adjust any crooked tiles before thin-set dries.
Use Spacers for Consistent Grout Lines
Use tile spacers between tiles to create even grout line width. Remove once tile is set.
How to Cut Subway Tiles to Fit
Use the score and snap method to cut subway tiles to accommodate outlets, corners, and ends.
Measure and Mark Cuts
Dry lay tiles first to find positions of outlets and ends. Transfer measurements to tiles needing cuts.
Cut L Shaped Tiles for Corners
Measure and mark tiles to cut L shapes. Use these at inside/outside corners for clean finish.
Cut Edge Pieces to Fit
Measure and mark edge tiles to fit the remaining space, keeping grout lines aligned.
Use Wet Saw for Detailed Cuts
For outlet cutouts, niches, etc use a wet saw for accurate curved, diagonal, or intricate cuts.
Dry Lay Cut Tiles
Dry lay all cut tiles to ensure everything aligns properly before permanently applying thin-set.
How to Apply Grout Between Tiles
Grouting fills the spaces between tiles, completing your backsplash. Use proper technique to prevent gaps and cracks.
Choose Appropriate Grout
Select unsanded grout for tile spacing less than 1/8 inch. Use sanded for wider grout lines.
Apply Grout Using Float
Hold the grout float at a 45° angle, pressing into grout lines to completely fill. Scrape excess.
Clean Excess Grout
Wipe gently across tiles diagonally to the grout lines with a damp sponge to remove residue.
Apply Grout Sealer
After grout cures, apply a penetrating sealer to reduce staining and increase water-resistance.
Caulk Joints with Countertop/Wall
Use a flexible silicone caulk to seal the joint between the backsplash tiles and countertop or wall.
Tips for Success Laying Subway Tile Backsplash
Follow these pro tips as you lay subway tile for the most professional results:
- Always start with a perfectly clean and damage-free surface
- Use level and laser guides to keep tiles straight
- Leave 1/8 inch spacing between tiles for grout lines
- Work in small sections to prevent thin-set from drying
- Tape off edges of installed tiles to protect from adhesive and grout
- Mix thin-sets and grouts per package instructions
- Allow proper cure times between steps
- Clean excess grout immediately to prevent staining
- Sealing grout and caulking completes protection
FAQs About Laying Subway Tile Backsplash
What thinset should I use for subway tile?
Use a latex or polymer modified thinset. These offer superior adhesion and more flexibility. Consult manufacturer specs.
How to prevent lippage with subway tile?
Use tile spacers between tiles to keep everything level. Check for lippage issues and adjust before thinset dries.
What size grout spacing for subway tile?
1/8 inch spacing is recommended for subway tiles. Wider grout lines are OK with larger tiles, but should not exceed 3/16 inch.
How long does thinset take to dry before grouting?
Thinset drying time depends on factors like temperature and humidity. Typically 24-48 hours. Check manufacturer guidelines.
Can I use sanded grout with small subway tile?
No, only use unsanded grout with grout lines less than 1/8 inch. Sanded grout can stain the tile and crack in small joints.
How to apply grout sealer to subway tile?
Use a small foam brush or cotton pads to apply a thin coat of penetrating grout sealer. Wipe excess. Allow to dry completely. Re-apply every 6-12 months.
Conclusion
Installing a subway tile backsplash brings an elegant and timeless look to your space. Armed with the techniques in this guide, you can lay subway tile successfully like a pro. Just remember to start with a flawless surface, use precision measurements, cut tiles accurately, apply thinset and grout properly, and utilize the right tools. With careful planning and patience, your stunning new backsplash will provide you with lasting enjoyment. Let us know how your subway tile project goes!