Backsplashes are a great way to add visual interest and protect your walls in kitchens, bathrooms, and other wet areas. When installing a backsplash, you’ll need to cut the tiles to fit around outlets, pipes, windows, and other obstacles. Learning how to accurately cut backsplash tiles helps ensure your finished project looks professional. With the right tools and techniques, you can make smooth, clean cuts in any tile material.
Tools Needed for Cutting Backsplash Tiles
Cutting backsplash tiles doesn’t require many tools, but having the right equipment makes the process much easier. Here are the basic tools you’ll need:
Tile Cutter
A manual tile cutter is essential for straight cuts. This tool has a base with a cutting wheel on a guide rail. Simply position the tile, align the cut line, and press down on the handle to score and snap the tile. Manual tile cutters work well for most straight cuts in ceramic, porcelain, and natural stone tiles up to 1/2 inch thick.
Wet Saw
For curved cuts, large format tiles, and tiles over 1/2 inch thick, you’ll need a wet saw. A wet saw has a blade that cuts through tile while continuously spraying water to keep the blade cool and minimize dust. The tile rests on a sliding tray that allows you to feed the tile into the blade. Wet saws are more expensive than manual tile cutters but provide the versatility to make any cut.
Nippers
After scoring and snapping tiles on a manual cutter, nippers remove any remaining sharp edges or small uneven spots. Nippers resemble small pliers and “nibble” away at the tile edge. They create a smooth, finished edge.
Tile File
Rubbing a tile file over cut edges smooths any small ridges or roughness left from cutting. The file quickly grinds the cut edge for an even, professional finish.
Tiling Spacers
Plastic spacers keep tiles a consistent distance apart. Place them between tiles as you set them on the wall. Spacers allow room for grout and prevent tiles from shifting.
How to Cut Ceramic and Porcelain Tiles
Glazed ceramic and porcelain tiles are very common choices for backsplashes. Follow these basic steps for smooth cuts:
1. Mark the Tile
Measure and mark your cut line, extending the line completely across the tile. Use a square or right angle ruler to ensure straight lines.
2. Score the Tile
Position the tile on the tile cutter with the cut mark lined up over the cutting wheel. Hold it firmly in place and press the scoring handle down with steady pressure. This scores the glaze.
3. Snap the Tile
With one hand on each side of the score line, press down to snap the tile cleanly along the cut.
4. Smooth the Edge
Use tile nippers to nip away any ragged areas left from snapping. File the edges to remove any small ridges.
5. Repeat as Needed
For multiple tiles, stack them to score and snap them together. Line up the cut lines precisely.
Cutting Large Format Tiles
Large format tiles like 12×24 inch subway tiles or large rectangles have become popular for modern backsplashes. Their large size requires a wet saw to make cuts. Here is the process:
1. Mark Cut Lines
Use a ruler and pencil to mark straight cuts. For irregular shaped cuts, make a paper template and trace it onto the tile.
2. Set Up the Wet Saw
Install the correct tile cutting blade on the wet saw and set the tile guide to the proper width for your tile.
3. Adjust Water Flow
Turn on the water to lubricate and cool the blade. Adjust the nozzle so a steady stream flows over the blade but the tile remains dry.
4. Make Cuts Slowly
Place the tile on the sliding tray against the guide. Feed the tile slowly into the blade while holding it firmly in place. Move at a steady pace for clean cuts.
5. Clean and Finish the Edges
Rinse tiles after cutting to remove any debris. Use a tile file to smooth rough edges. Apply a rubbing stone for a finished look.
Cutting Natural Stone Tiles
Natural stone tiles bring beautiful colors, patterns, and textures to a backsplash. From marble and travertine to slate and quartzite, each stone has a different hardness and density. This requires adjusting your techniques. Follow these tips when cutting natural stone:
Work Slowly
Cut natural stone tiles slowly and gently to avoid cracking or breaking them. Make several light passes if needed.
Use a Diamond Blade
Natural stone tiles are very dense and durable. A specialty diamond tile blade cuts through the material efficiently.
Limit Tile Cutter Pressure
Applying too much pressure while scoring can crack stone tiles. Use light, consistent pressure and pass over the cut line several times if needed.
Cut Underwater
For a clean cut, submerge the stone tile in a bucket of water up to the cutting line before scoring and snapping with a tile cutter.
Avoid Nippers
Stone tiles chip easily. Avoid using nippers to smooth cut edges, and use a rubbing stone instead.
Cutting Tiles Around Obstacles
One tricky part of any backsplash project is cutting tiles to fit around outlets, pipes, cabinets, windows, and other obstacles. This requires careful measuring, patience, and the right approach.
Make Precise Measurements
Use a combination square or digital angle gauge to measure the exact size and angle needed for each tile. Transfer these measurements to the tile.
Cut Larger Tiles
It’s easier to cut one large tile to fit around an obstacle than several small ones. Plan your layout accordingly.
Make Relief Cuts
For fitting a tile around pipes or corners, make a series of small angled cuts rather than one long curved cut for the best results.
Use an Oscillating Tool
For odd-shaped cutouts, use an oscillating tool with a tile cutting blade to control detailed cuts.
Dry Fit and Test Fit
Always do a dry fit before attaching tiles permanently. Make any needed adjustments to ensure a good fit.
Cutting Tile Around Outlets and Switches
Outlets and light switches are common obstructions in backsplashes. With careful planning, you can cut the tiles for a streamlined look:
Mark the Tile Prior to Cutting
Hold the tile over the outlet and use a pencil to trace the exact outline onto the back of the tile.
Cut Just Outside the Outline
Using this outline as a guide, cut just outside the marked area to begin shaping the hole. Test the fit and trim as needed.
Use a Tile File
Use a metal file to smooth and shape the cutout opening until the tile fits securely over the outlet.
Provide Clearance
Ensure the tile does not interfere with inserting and removing plugs. Leave a gap behind switches and outlets.
Utilize Wall Plates
Replace standard outlet covers with blank, oversized wall plates to hide uneven tile edges if needed.
Cutting Odd Shapes and Accent Tiles
In addition to straight cuts, you may need to cut border tiles, mosaics, medallions, and other accent tiles to shape. Here are some tips:
Make a Template
For triangle or other irregular shapes, make a paper template and trace the outline onto the tile to follow when cutting.
Use Tile Nippers
Nip small pieces off bit by bit using tile nippers to create curved edges or small detailed shapes.
Cut Small Holes
To make openings for lights or fixtures, start by drilling a small pilot hole. Insert the tile saw blade in the hole and rotate the tile carefully to cut out the desired shape.
Use a Tile Hole Saw
A tile hole saw attached to a drill makes cleanly cutting circles or rounded openings easy.
Combine Methods
Score snap larger cuts with a tile cutter, and use an oscillating tool for the intricate curves and details.
Cutting Glass and Mosaic Backsplash Tiles
Small glass, stone, or ceramic mosaic tiles require special care when cutting to avoid damaging the surrounding tiles. Follow these tips:
Use a Wet Saw
The automated feed on a wet saw lets you control the cutting depth for clean cuts.
Use Light Pressure
Don’t force tiles when cutting. Allow the diamond blade to do the work.
Adjust the Guide
For long cuts, adjust the guide several times as you progress rather than cutting through a large section at once.
Cut Face Up
To prevent tiles from falling out, cut mosaics face up when possible. Cover surrounding tiles with tape if needed.
Cut Upside Down
For mesh-backed mosaics, cutting upside down prevents falling debris from damaging tile faces.
Cutting Tile Backsplashes Around Windows
Large windows and smaller accent windows often exist in backsplash areas. With careful planning, you can cut tiles to fit perfectly:
Measure First
Take precise measurements of the window width at the top, middle, and bottom. Mark these on the tiles to be cut.
Start Small
Cut border or edge tiles first to establish the correct size and angle before cutting larger field tiles.
Make Relief Cuts
Break large cuts into a series of small, incremental cuts rather than one long cut for best results.
Use an Oscillating Tool
The tight blade control of an oscillating tool is ideal for intricate cuts around windows.
Apply Edge Sealant
Seal cut edges of natural stone tiles with a clear sealant to prevent moisture damage.
Common Cutting Mistakes to Avoid
Cutting tile takes precision, patience, and practice. Be aware of these common mistakes that can ruin tiles:
Rushing Cuts
Work slowly and methodically, especially when using power tools. Rushed cuts can crack tiles.
Forcing Tiles
Excess pressure while scoring can fracture tiles. Use steady, even pressure instead.
Misaligned Cuts
Consistently check cut lines for alignment and accuracy to prevent crooked cuts.
Inaccurate Markings
Carefully measure and mark all cuts to be sure tile edges match up perfectly.
Forgetting About Spacers
Account for tile spacers when measuring to prevent tiles ending up too small.
Not Using Safety Gear
Always wear eye and ear protection when using power saws to cut tile. Water reduces dust.
Tips for Cutting Tile Like a Pro
With practice, the right tools, and these pro tips, you can make accurate cuts for a stunning, professional-looking backsplash:
Use the Right Blade
Ensure you have a sharp, tile-specific blade designed for the type of tile you are cutting.
Keep a Firm Grip
Hold tiles securely against the guide with even pressure while scoring and snapping.
Cut in a Well-Lit Area
Proper lighting helps you see cut lines clearly and minimize mistakes.
Cut Several Tiles at Once
For multiple pieces the same size, stack tiles to score and snap together.
Move Slowly on Curved Cuts
Control the tile carefully when cutting curves and shapes freehand.
Be Patient Between Cuts
Allow time for water and tile dust to clear before starting the next cut.
Check Fit Frequently
Do periodic test fits, trimming as needed for an exact fit around obstacles.
Use Tile Nippers Often
Frequently nip away debris and uneven edges for a smooth, finished cut.
FAQs About Cutting Backsplash Tile
If you’re feeling unsure about taking on the task of cutting backsplash tile, consider these answers to common questions:
What tools do I need to cut backsplash tile?
A manual tile cutter, tile nippers, and a tile file are the basic tools. Use a wet saw for specialty cuts. Always wear safety goggles.
How do I know if tile needs to be cut wet or dry?
Hard tiles like ceramic and porcelain usually cut dry. Cut soft, dense stone tiles wet. Glass tiles must be wet cut.
What causes chipping when I cut tile?
Chipping results from too much pressure while scoring, a worn cutting wheel, or forcing the snap. Slow down and use lighter pressure.
How do I cut rounded edges in tile?
Use a wet saw, movable tile guide, or an oscillating tool to rotate the tile and make curved cuts. Go slowly.
What should I use to smooth rough tile edges?
A carbide rubbing stone smoothes and polishes rough edges after cutting. Use a tile file to remove large ridges or chips first.
Can I cut thin mosaic sheets with a manual tile cutter?
No. The pressure usually cracks or damages small mosaic tiles. Always use a wet saw to cut mosaic sheets.
How precise do tile cuts need to be for outlets and switches?
Cut tile holes 1/8 inch larger than the fixture. This provides the room needed to insert plugs.
Should I use anything over cut edges of natural stone?
Yes. Apply a stone sealant to porous edges of slate, travertine, and other natural stone tiles to prevent moisture damage.
How do I cut a square hole in the middle of a tile?
Mark a square on the tile where desired. Drill a pilot hole and insert a tile saw blade to cut out the shape freehand.
Can I pad sharp tile edges?
Yes. Apply small foam backer rod or weather seal strips on cut tile edges that contact woodwork or countertops to prevent scratching.
Conclusion
Backsplashes make a big impact in kitchens, baths, and laundry rooms. Learning proper techniques for measuring, marking, and cutting the tiles allows you to achieve a seamless professional look. With the right tools and careful approach, cutting ceramic, porcelain, natural stone, glass, and mosaic tiles is a manageable process. Patience and attention to detail helps avoid frustrating mistakes. Use the methods in this guide and you’ll gain the confidence to cut backsplash tiles like an expert.