Installing a backsplash is one of the best ways to add visual interest and personality to your kitchen or bathroom. A properly installed backsplash can transform the look of a space while also protecting the walls from water damage and stains. But how exactly do you put up a backsplash? This comprehensive guide will walk you through the entire process.
What is a Backsplash?
A backsplash is a protective wall covering installed on the wall behind a sink, stove, countertop or vanity. Backsplashes are typically made from tile, metal, glass, stone or other water-resistant materials. The main purposes of a backsplash are to:
- Protect the walls from water damage, stains and scratches
- Provide an easy-to-clean surface behind sinks and stoves
- Add decorative flair and visual interest to the space
Backsplashes most commonly appear in kitchens and bathrooms. They run along the wall between the countertops and cabinets. Backsplashes can be any height, but standard dimensions are 4-6 inches for bathroom backsplashes and 12-24 inches for kitchen backsplashes.
Backsplash Materials
There are numerous options when it comes to backsplash materials. The most popular choices include:
Tile
Ceramic, porcelain or natural stone tile are classic backsplash materials. Tile comes in endless color, pattern, size and finish options. It’s a durable, water-resistant choice. Glass tile and mosaic tile also make for attractive, shiny backsplashes.
Metal
Metal backsplashes like stainless steel, copper or tin add a contemporary, industrial vibe. Metal stands up well to moisture and is easy to clean.
Glass
Glass tile or sheet glass make for glossy, sleek backsplashes. Glass tile comes in different colors and can be arranged in beautiful patterns.
Stone
Natural stone like marble, travertine, granite or slate lend an elegant, upscale look. Stone has innate variation in patterning for one-of-a-kind coloration.
Other Materials
More unique backsplash options include wood, laminate, vinyl, enamel, concrete, brick, travertine and onyx. Consider the look you want and your budget when selecting backsplash materials.
How to Prepare for a Backsplash Installation
Installing a backsplash is a relatively straightforward home improvement project. With proper planning and preparation, you can achieve professional-looking results. Here are the key steps to take before installing a backsplash:
Select the Backsplash Material
Consider the pros and cons of different backsplash materials and choose one that fits your budget, kitchen or bathroom design, and skill level. Make sure it is water-resistant and durable. Purchase extra tile or material to account for damaged pieces during installation.
Measure the Space
Measure the length and height of the backsplash area carefully. Having precise measurements allows you to buy the right amount of material and achieve full wall coverage. Consider outlet placement and make a plan for cutting tile around obstacles.
Gather Supplies
You will need backsplash material, mastic or thinset mortar, grout, grout sealer, tile cutter, spacers, trowel, sponge, bucket, mixing paddle, and safety gear. Rent or buy any specialty tools for your material like a glass cutter.
Clean and Prepare the Wall
Thoroughly clean the backsplash installation area. Remove any old backsplash material or wallpaper. Fill any holes or imperfections with spackle and sand smooth. Wipe away dust.
Plan the Layout
Map out the backsplash design. Measure and mark where tile or sheets will start and stop. Determine the best layout pattern. Plan for outlet and fixture placement. Minimize cuts by centering tiles or staggering joints.
Proper planning prevents problems down the road and leads to a polished finished look.
How to Install a Tile Backsplash
Tile is one of the most common backsplash materials. Follow these key steps for a successful tile backsplash installation:
Step 1: Apply Mortar or Mastic
Most backsplash tile requires a mortar bed or mastic adhesive. Use a notched trowel to spread thinset mortar or tile mastic evenly onto the wall area. Apply only as much as can be tiled in 30 minutes.
Step 2: Cut Tiles (If Needed)
Cut any edge pieces, outlet or fixture cutouts using a wet saw or tile cutter. Wear safety goggles and gloves. You may need specialty tools like a glass cutter for certain materials.
Step 3: Set the Tile
Press tiles firmly into the mortar, using spacers to maintain even grout lines. Work in small sections. Check tiles for level placement and make any adjustments. Allow the mortar to dry completely.
Step 4: Grout the Tile
Prepare grout per package instructions and apply it into the tile joints using a rubber grout float. Wipe away excess grout with a damp sponge. Allow grout to dry fully before sealing.
Step 5: Seal the Grout
Paint grout sealer onto all grout lines using a small sponge or brush. Wipe away excess. This protects grout from stains and mildew growth. Allow sealer to dry completely.
Step 6: Caulk the Joints
Once the tile, grout and sealer are fully dry, run a thin bead of waterproof silicone caulk along all joint lines and edges. Smooth the caulk with a wet fingertip before it dries. Wipe area clean.
Following proper tile installation techniques will lead to a stunning finished backsplash.
How to Install a Stone Backsplash
Natural stone like granite, marble or travertine make for beautiful backsplashes with innate color and patterning. Here are the steps for installation:
Step 1: Cut the Stone (If Needed)
Make any necessary cuts before installing. Use a wet saw with a diamond blade. Cut stone through the factory edges. Follow safety procedures when cutting.
Step 2: Apply Mortar or Mastic
Trowel a layer of thinset mortar or mastic adhesive onto the wall area, using a notched trowel. Only apply enough for tiling one section at a time.
Step 3: Set the Stone Pieces
Press stone pieces firmly into the mortar. Use spacers to maintain even grout line spacing. Check for level placement. Allow mortar to dry fully before grouting.
Step 4: Grout the Stone
Prepare grout and work it into the stone joints using a grout float. Take care to fully pack joints. Immediately wipe away excess grout with a damp sponge.
Step 5: Seal the Grout
Once dry, use a small foam brush to apply grout sealer to all grout lines. Wipe away any excess. Allow sealer to dry completely before use.
Step 6: Apply Caulk
Run a steady bead of silicone caulk along all edges and seams where the backsplash meets walls, countertops, sinks etc. Smooth the caulk with a wet fingertip.
Stone backsplashes require careful grout application and sealing to prevent staining or water damage. Take time on each step for best results.
How to Install a Sheet Backsplash
Sheet materials like metal, glass or laminate can create sleek, seamless backsplashes. Follow these tips:
Step 1: Measure Precisely
Take careful measurements and have backsplash sheets cut to the exact size required. There is little room for error with sheet goods.
Step 2: Cut Outlets or Holes
Use the proper cutting tools for your material to cut out any openings needed for outlets, fixtures, faucets etc.
Step 3: Apply Adhesive
Apply a thin layer of mastic adhesive to the back of the sheet using a notched trowel. Peel off any adhesive backing first if present.
Step 4: Press onto Wall
Carefully align the sheet on the wall and press firmly from top to bottom to adhere. Use a J-roller or grout float to flatten fully.
Step 5: Seal Edges
Once adhesive has dried, seal all joints and raw edges using clear silicone caulk. Smooth with a fingertip. Remove any excess caulk.
Sheet backsplashes make for contemporary, sleek installations. Carefully measure and cut materials to ensure proper fitting.
Tips for Installation Success
Keep these tips in mind for any backsplash project:
- Leave proper expansion space between the backsplash and countertops, cabinets, ceilings and walls. Latex caulk will fill these gaps.
- Thoroughly mix adhesives and grout. Allow proper drying times between steps. Rushing can ruin application.
- Clean up spills, droplets or smears on the tile surface immediately to prevent staining or hazing.
- Handle cut tiles carefully to avoid nicks or broken corners. The exposed edges will be visible.
- Expect some tile cuts and waste. Order 10% extra to account for breakage and miscuts.
- Work in small sections for best results. Mortar and adhesives dry quickly.
- Make clean, straight cuts when trimming or cutting materials. Ragged edges will detract from the finish.
- Keep the work area clean and free of clutter. Dust and debris can compromise installation.
- Follow all manufacturer instructions for prep, installation and care for your specific backsplash.
Cleaning and Caring for Your Backsplash
How you clean and care for your new backsplash depends on the material:
Ceramic or Porcelain Tile
- Use a mild soap and water to regularly clean. Rinse well with clear water.
- Avoid harsh chemical cleaners and acidic cleaners which can etch the glazed surface.
- Re-seal grout every 1-2 years with a penetrating silicone grout sealer.
Natural Stone Tile
- Clean with a mild pH neutral stone soap and soft cloth. Rinse thoroughly.
- Seal stone tile every 1-2 years with a penetrating stone sealer to prevent staining.
- Oils, acids and alkalis can stain stone. Wipe up spills immediately.
Glass Tile
- Use a soft, lint-free cloth and mild soap and water only. Rinse and dry well.
- Do not use any harsh cleaners, acids, abrasives or scrubbing pads which can scratch.
- Squeegee after each use to prevent water spots and mineral deposits.
Metal Tile
- Use mild dish soap and soft cloth for regular cleaning.
- Avoid abrasive cleaners or pads. Use a gentle touch to maintain the finish.
- Rinse any cleaner residue thoroughly and dry.
Sheet Backsplashes
- Consult manufacturer cleaning guidelines. Most can be cleaned with mild detergent and soft cloth.
- Avoid harsh chemicals. Rinse thoroughly and dry.
- Use non-abrasive cleaning pads to avoid scratching or dulling.
A well-maintained backsplash will retain its beauty and function for many years. Follow material-specific care instructions. Contact a pro for deep cleaning or repairs.
Backsplash Installation Costs
Backsplash installation costs range widely depending on the size of the project and materials used:
- Ceramic or porcelain tile: $5-$15 per square foot installed
- Natural stone tile: $15-$40 per square foot installed
- Glass tile: $15-$30 per square foot installed
- Metal tile: $15-$50 per square foot installed
- Sheet backsplashes: $10-$25 per square foot installed
Additional costs may include mortar, grout, grout sealer, caulk and any specialty installation tools or sealers needed. Hiring a professional tile installer tends to run $50-$100 per hour.
There are some ways to reduce backsplash installation costs:
- Install a smaller backsplash area instead of full wall coverage
- Use budget-friendly ceramic or mosaic sheets instead of premium tile
- Opt for peel-and-stick backsplash panels which have minimal installation costs
- Choose smaller tile sizes which allow DIY installation
Adding a backsplash is a relatively affordable way to update your kitchen or bath. With some planning, you can install an eye-catching backsplash design while staying on budget.
Hiring a Pro vs. DIY Backsplash
Is it better to tackle a backsplash installation yourself or hire a professional? Consider the following:
Benefits of Hiring a Pro
- Experienced with installations and how to handle challenges
- Access to professional-grade tools and materials
- Knowledge of building codes and permits
- Precise cutting skills for a perfect fit
- Ability to install tough materials like natural stone or glass
- Insured work and possible warranties
Benefits of DIY Installation
- Significant cost savings on labor
- Personal fulfillment from a successful project
- Customize to your unique preferences
- Learn a new skill and gain experience
- Flexible schedule for working at your own pace
- Choose budget-friendly materials more freely
Evaluate whether your skill level matches the demands of the job. Professionals complete jobs quickly with polished results. But a DIY backsplash is rewarding and can save thousands. Weigh the pros and cons for your specific backsplash project.
How Much Does It Cost To Hire A Backsplash Installer?
Professional backsplash installation costs typically range from $40 – $100 per hour depending on your geographic location and the complexity of the job. The total price will also be affected by:
- Size of the backsplash area (cost per square foot)
- Type of material used – tile, stone, glass, metal etc.
- Layout pattern – diagonal patterns take more time
- Need for special cutting or shaping
- Removal of old backsplash
- Accessibility of the work area
Expect to pay approximately $400 to $1000 to have a backsplash professionally installed in a 10-15 square foot kitchen area depending on selections. Get multiple quotes to find the best value.
Many tile installers charge minimum fees of $300 – $500 for any job. Larger backsplash projects of over 30 square feet average $2000 – $4000 or more installed. High-end materials like marble or intricate patterns will fall at the upper end of the price spectrum.
Hiring a qualified professional tile setter ensures proper installation and artistic finishing. But you can save substantially by doing the work yourself if you’re up for the challenge.
Backsplash Design Ideas
Backsplashes present a fun opportunity to add visual interest to your kitchen or bath. Consider these stunning yet practical design ideas:
Mix Geometric Tile Shapes
Blending squares, circles, zigzags, diamonds or triangles makes for eye-catching abstract designs. Layer shapes and colors for added dimension.
Stacked Horizontal Subway Tiles
A staggered brick pattern of rectangular subway tiles produces clean lines and visual continuity. Sleek and classic.
Graphic Moroccan Fish Scale Tiles
Repeating rows of intricate interlocking tiles create beautiful ornamental patterns. Choose striking glossy colors.
Marble Hexagons or Octagons
Large-scale marble hexagons produce organic, honeycomb designs. For more modern flair, opt for octagons or penny rounds.
Modern Glass Sheet
Sheets of tempered glass in glossy black, bold colors or translucent white finish cleanly. Allow LED lighting effects to shine through.
Rustic Wood Planks
Reclaimed wood planks in natural or whitewashed finishes give warmth and texture. Works with many styles from modern to farmhouse.
Art Deco Subway with Bold Accent Stripes
Layer classic white brick subway tiles with sleek bands of black or bright contrast colors.
Textural Penny Rounds
Randomly arranged copper penny tiles or ceramic penny rounds make an eye-catching organic mosaic. Leave negative space between.
Contrast Grout Color
Use bright white tile paired with dark grey or black grout for dramatic definition. Or vice-versa for lighter grout.
Moroccan Fish Scale Accent
Make small sections of intricate mosaic tile or fish scale the focal point against simpler subway or marble tile.
Backsplashes provide ample room for creativity. Pick materials, colors and designs that reflect your personal taste and style.
FAQs About Installing Backsplashes
What is the standard height for a backsplash?
The typical backsplash height is 4 inches for a bathroom and 18 inches for a kitchen. Full height backsplashes extending all the way to the undersides of the upper cabinets are also popular.
What thickness of tile should be used for backsplash?
Thinner 1/4 inch tile is most commonly used on walls and backsplashes. Heavier tiles may require additional backer board support. Large format tiles work best at thicker 3/8 or 1/2 inch dimensions.
Should backsplash tile match floor tile?
Matching backsplash and floor tile can look too busy. Many designers recommend choosing complementary rather than identical tiles. Tie the look together with consistent grout color.
What type of paint is best for behind a backsplash?
Use semi-gloss or gloss enamel paint behind a backsplash. The subtle sheen is mold/mildew resistant and creates an easy-clean surface.
Is it cheaper to do subway tile horizontal or vertical?
Horizontal orientation is most cost-effective. Vertical stacking involves more tile cuts and often additional framing. But vertical has a sleek, modern look.
How far should backsplash extend?
A standard backsplash extends 4 inches above bathroom countertops and 6-18 inches above kitchen counters. For a full backsplash, tile from countertop to underside of upper cabinets.
Should backsplash tile go all the way to ceiling?
Not necessarily. Standard dimensions are typically sufficient. Full backsplashes are also popular. Decide based on your style, budget and ability to install taller tiles properly.
What is the most popular backsplash tile size?
4 x 12 inch subway tile is the most prevalent size. Other common sizes are hexagons, 4 inch squares, 4 x 16 planks and